Wulff's Blog: 1980s Part V Fred's Conducted Tours of Alaska & Hawian Iislands

EN ROUTE TO ALASKA

OUR COLLEGE VANS TOOK THE ROUTE OF THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILROAD

THIS WAS CANADA'S FIRST TRANSCONTINENTAL RAILROAD, 1885
OUR NEXT OBJECTIVE WHEN WE REACHED THE PACIFIC OCEAN WAS TO BOARD AN ALASKAN FERRY AND HEAD NORTHWARD

TO THE RIGHT IS THE COVER PAGE OF MY
STUDENT STUDY GUIDE FOR THE TRIP.

WHEN WE ENTERED CANADA WE DROVE NORTHWARD INTO MANITOBA
TO WINNIPEG. IT WAS HERE THAT WE OBSERVED
TRACKS OF THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILROAD LINE
WE WILL TAKE THE RED LINE TO JASPER AND THEN YELLOW TO PRINCE RUPERT.

WE VISITED FORT GARRY, BUILT BY THE HUDSON BAY COMPANY (1830s)

HUDSON BAY COMPANY MUSEUM INCLUDED EVEN EARLY TRADING VESSELS.

A HUDSON BAY EMPLOYEE SERVED US LUNCH IN THE WAREHOUSE BUILDING, A SNACK THAT THAT CONSISTED OF BREAD AND JELLY, WEDGE OF CHEESE BLUEBERRY DESSERT AND APPLE CIDER

WE TOURED THE BUILDINGS,

THE PATERSON HOUSE
BUILT IN 1895 ALONG THE ROUTE OF THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RR
BRANDON "THE WHEAT CITY" MANITOBA, CANADA

STUDENT ON PORCH OF PATERSON HOUSE

GRAIN ELEVATOR ALONG CANADIAN PACIFIC RR TRACKS
PARKBEG, SASKATCHEWAN, CANADA

GRAIN ELEVATOR
MORSE, SASKATCHEWAN, CANADA

ROYAL MOUNTED POLICE TRAINING CENTER

REGINA, SASKATCHEWAN

WE HAD A GUIDE EXPLAIN HOW CADETS WERE TRAINED

IN THIS CENTRAL TRAINING CENTER INTO MOUNTIES.

WE WATCHED DRILLING EXERCISES PERFORMED IN THE GYMNASIUM

THEY STRESSED IT WAS LIKE BOOT CAMP WITH RIGOUROUS DEMANDS

THIS MADE US HUNGRY

THE LEAD COLLEGE VAN ON TRANSCANADA HYWAY
THAT PARALLELS THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILROAD LINE
SASKATCHEWAN, CANADA

ALBERTA, CANADA

CALGARY, ALBERTA, CANADA
IN 1883 THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RR ROLLED INTO CALGARY

STAMPEDE PARK
CALGARY, ALBERTA, CANADA
COLLEGE STUDENTS IN FOREGROUND

STAMPEDE CELEBRATION
CALGARY, CANADA

RAILROAD CARS OF CANADIAN PACIFIC

ALONG HIGHWAY BETWEEN CALGARY AND BANFF

BANFF NATIONAL PARK

MOUNTAIN GOATS

COYOTE ALONG THE ROAD

BANFF SPRING HOTEL BUILT BY A RAILROAD MAGNATE 1886
ON SITEOF HOT SULFUR SPRINGS DISCOVERED BY RR WORKERS
BANFF, CANADA

THE BUILDER OF THIS HOTEL BECAME PRESIDENT OF THE CANADIAN PACIFIC RR

VIEWS AT BANFF

THE CAVE AND BATH HOUSE
A SPRING BELOW WAS AN ACTIVE GEYSER
IN 1887, A TUNNEL WAS BUILT INTO THE CAVE

THE WATER TEMPERATURE IS 30 DEGREES C OR 85 DEGREES F
AND IS BELIEVED TO HAVE HEALING POWERS

CANADIAN CENTRAL RR STATION

BANFF, CANADA

CROWFOOT GLACIER
BANFF,CANADA

BOW FALLS AND BOW RIVER
BANFF, CANADA

LUNCH BREAK ALONG THE BOW RIVER
BANFF, CANADA

BOW FALLS, BANFF, CANADA

WHERE WE RENTED CABINS
PARADISE, BUNGALOWS
LAKE LOUISE, CANADA

STUDENTS BY THEIR CABINS
PARADISE BUNGALOWS, LAKE LOUISE, CANADA

THE VIEW FROM OUR CABINS
LAKE LOUISE CANADA

OF COURSE THE CP TRAIN WAS NEARBY

WE RENTED SEVEN CANOES FOR LAKE LOUISE

RETURN FROM CANOEING

CHATEAU LAKE LOUISE, LAKE LOUISE, CANADA

LAKE LOUISE AND VICTORIA GRACIER

WE LEFT THE LODGE FOR AN OVER TWO HOUR HIKE TO A TEA HOUSE

STOP ALONG THE WAY TO TAKE PHOTOS OF A CHIPMUNK

BEGINNING THE LONG ASCENT

VIEW OF THE FALLS FROM THE HIKING TRAIL
WE WILL CLIMB TO AREA ABOVE THE FALLS

VIEW FROM THE TEA HOUSE

WE WILL NOW HAVE TO CROSS THE MOUNTAINS TO REACH THE PACIFIC OCEAN
CHARLES HAYS (STATUE) PROMOTED THE SKEENA RIVER ROUTE
CONSTRUCTION COST THE LIVES OF 50 MEN DROWNED AND $300 MILLION
THE COST FORCED THE COMPANY TO MERGE WITH THE CANADIAN NATIONAL RR
(SECOND TRANSCONTINENTAL RAILROAD)

FIRST WE WENT NORTH TO JASPER
BELOW DOWNTOWN JASPER, ALBERTA, CANADA

ATHABASCA HOTEL IN JASPER
WHEN I MADE RESERVATIONS VIA PHONE IN MINNESOTA
THEY WARNED ME THAT THEY ONLY HAD ROOMS BY NOISY NIGHTCLUB
STUDENTS DID NOT MIND THE MUSIC

NATURALLY, WE VISITED THE CANADIAN NATIONAL DEPOT
CN ENGINE 6015 (1923)

JASPER PARK LODGE
OPERATED BY CANADIAN NATIONAL RR

CARIBOU SOUTH OF JASPER, ALBERTA

ELK LOOKING AT MY CAMERA, AS IF TO SAY THIS IS MY BEST SIDE

MARGARET UNGEMACH
CIRRUS MOUNTAIN IN THE BACKGROUND

COLUMBIA ICE-FIELD SOUTH OF JASPER

STUDENTS CLIMBING ON ATHABASCA GLACIER

NO EASY TASK

SUPWAPTA FALLS

PICNIC LUNCH AT ATHABASCA FALLS
WE NOT ONLY SAVED MONEY PICNICKING, WE ENJOYED THE OUTDOORS MORE

ATHABASCA FALLS

WE NOW HEADED WESTWARD FROM JASPER AND THROUGH YELLOWSTONE PASS

OUR HIGHWAY FOLLOWED THE RAILROAD LINE THROUGH THE PASS

MOUNT ROBSON WAS THE HIGHEST PEAK IN THE CANADIAN ROCKIES 12,972 FT.

CANADIAN NATIONAL TOURIST CENTER

MCBRIDE, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA

SKEENA RIVER

FINALLY WE REACHED THE TERMINUS, PRINCE RUPERT

THE RAILROAD HAD BROUGHT PROCTS FROM THE INLAND FOR OCEAN EXPORT

PRINCE RUPERT IS THE THIRD LARGEST NATURAL ICE-FREE HARBOR IN CANADA

ONE MAJOR ACTIVITY WAS VISTING THE RESTORED NORTH PACIFIC CANNERY WHICH WAS BUILT IN 1889.

OF COURSE, THERE WAS A RAILROAD LINK
SKEENA RIVER IN BACKGROUND

MANY ETHNIC GROUPS WORKED AT THIS CANNERY. CHINESE FOR TIN CAN PRODUCTION, INDIANS FOR SALMON PROCESSING AND MENDING NETS, INDIAN AND JAPANESE MALES WORKED AS FISHERMEN.
AND WHITES WORKED IN MANAGEMENT

DIFFERENT ETHNIC GROUPS LIVED IN SEPARATE SECTIONS

ONLY FOREMEN OF EACH GROUP SPOKE ENGLISH

FISHING BOAT

WE DROVE BACK TO PRINCE RUPERT AND HEADED FOR THE LOADING
DOCK FOR THE ALASKAN FERRY. PHOTO SHOWS BOTH VANS IN LINE

WE GOT OUR FIRST VIEW OF OUR SHIP THE M.V. MALASPINA
(NAMED AFTER THE ALASKAN GLACIER MALASPINA)

AFTER PARKING OUR TWO VANS IN THE HOLD WITH 12O VEHICLE
WE WENT UPSTAIRS

GOOD BYE TO PRINCE RUPERT AND THE RAILROADS

SOME OF THE 750 PASSENGERS CAMPED ON THE OPEN DECK,
BUT WE HAD RESERVED STATE ROOMS FOR SLEEPING.
EACH ROOM HAD 4 BEDS, A SHOWER AND TOILET.

FIRST STOP IN ALASKA WAS AT KETCHIKAN

WE LEFT THE SHIP TO VISIT THE CITY
DOLLY'S HOUSE BELOW WAS IN THE RED LIGHT DISTRICT
ON HISTORIC CREEK STREET

THE GREY LINE TOUR WAS RATHER SHORT.
WE RETURNED TO THE DOCK AREA

NEXT STOP WAS WRANGELL, FOUNDED IN 1834 AS A RUSSIAN OUTPOST

WE EXPLORED NORTHWARD BEYOND THE DOWNTOWN AREA

WE INTERESTED OURSELVES IN THE PETROGLYPHS ALONG THE ROCKY BEACH.
LOCAL MERCHANTS SOLD SPECIAL PAPER AND SUPPLIES FOR MAKING RUBBINGS.

THE PETROGLYPHS WERE CARVED WITHOUT BENEFIT OF MODERN TOOLS.

NO ONE KNOWS THE MEANINGS OF THE SYMBOLS.

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN WRANGELL,

THE OLDEST AMERICAN PROTESTANT CHURCH IN ALASKA (1877).

WE STOPPED AT PETERSBURG, ALASKA,

AND NOTICED THE STRONG NORWEGIAN INFLUENCE.

ONE OF OUR MAJOR STOPS WAS AT JUNEAU, ALASKA, THE STATE CAPITAL.

WE SIGNED UP FOR A TOUR OF THE ICE FIELD AND THE CITY AS WELL.

HERE WAS THE FIRST OF THE ALASKA GOLD RUSHES (1880)

A MUST WAS A VISIT TO THE MENDENHALL GLACIER

OUR ALASKAN FERRY RIDE ENDED AT SKAGWAY, ALASKA. I MADE RESERVATION

FOR THE TWENTY OF US AT A HISTORIC HOTEL THAT HAD BEEN A HOUSE OF PROSTITUTION. THE ROOMS WERE NAMED AFTER THE WOMEN EMPLOYED THERE.

I HAD NEGOTIATED A GOOD PRICE BECAUSE I COULD GUARANTEE THAT THE ROOMS WOULD BE FILLED. HOWEVER, THE HOTEL MANAGER WAS NOW ABLE

TO CHARGE MORE BECAUSE OF THE DEMAND. HE SAID THERE WAS NEW MANAGEMENT AND WE HAD NO RESERVATION.

I WAS NOT HAPPY. HE MIRACULOUSLY FOUND ROOMS.

By 1899 SKAGWAY'S POPULATION APPROACHED 20,000 SOULS

SEEKING THEIR FORTUNE IN THE GILD FIELDS

GOLDEN NORTH HOTEL BELOW BUILT IN 1898

WE VISITED THE SKAGWAY GAMBLING HALL WHERE WE WERE ALL ISSUED GAMBLING MONEY TO START IN A COMPETITION TO SEE WHO COULD WIN THE MOST MONEY WITH THEIR CASH. FRED WON WITH $328,000.00

WE ATTENDED A FRONTIER SHOW DEPICTING SKAGWAY HISTORY. JEFFERSON SOAPY SMITH (WHO RAN THE TOWN) IS ON THE RIGHT AND J.D. STEWART ON THE LEFT

THE NOTORIOUS SOAPY SMITH

AT THE GOLD RUSH CEMETERY WE PAID TRIBUTE TO JEFFERSON AND SMITH

MINERS ATTENDING THE CHILKOOT SUMMIT IN 1897 HEADING TO WHITEHORSE IN THE YUKON CANADA WITH PROVISIONS (1000 LBS PER PERSON).

WE DIDN'T WALK BUT TOOK THE WINDING HIGHWAY.

THE WHITE PASS TRAIL TO WHITEHORSE, CANADA

IN 1899 THE WHITE PASS AND YUKON ROUTE RAILWAY WAS COMPLETED

--AN ANSWER TO A PRAYER FOR THE MINERS. THE TRAIN CROSSED THIS BRIDGE.

THE TINY LOCOMOTIVE FOR WHITE PASS WAS CALLED THE DUCHESS.

THE CITY WHERE IT IS NOW SITUATED WAS CALLED CARIBOU CROSSING.

WE PULLED THE VANS OFF THE HIGHWAY TO TAKE PHOTOS OF THE YUKON SIGN

SCENERY FROM CARCROSS, A CITY OF 150 PEOPLE

CARCROSS DID HAVE A HISTORIC PASSENGER SHIP CALLED TUTSHI (TOO SHY).

ONCE IN WHITEHORSE WE JOINED THE MINERS TO WATCH THE FRANTIC FOLLIES

WHO PERFORMED AT THE SHEFFIELD HOTEL.

CAN CAN DANCERS AT THE FRANTIC FOLLIES

TURN OF THE CENTURY VAUDEVILLE HUMOR

EVEN AT MIDNIGHT IT WAS STILL LIGHT OUT IN WHITEHORSE.

WE TOOK A CRUISE ON A PADDLE-WHEELER, THE KLONDIKE,
LOCATED ON THE YUKON RIVER
FROM WHITEHORSE THE YUKON FLOWS 1,850 MILES TO THE BERING SEA.

WITH THE GREAT GOLD RUSH OF 1896-98, THE KLONDIKE HANDLED TRAFFIC BETWEEN WHITEHORSE AND DAWSON

ALTOGETHER SOME 250 STERNWHEELERS WERE CONSTRUCTED FOR USE ON THE YUKON RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES.

WITH THE YUKON GOLD RUSH IN THE NEWLY ESTABLISHED NORTHWEST TERRITORIES DISTRICT, NEARLY HALF OF THE RCMP (MOUNTIES) WERE EVENTUALLY DEPLOYED THERE TO MAINTAIN ORDER.

FROM HAINES WE TRAVELED NORTHWARD TO HAINES JUNCTION WHERE THE KLUANE NATIONAL PARK VISITOR CENTER WAS LOCATED.

WE REACHED THE YUKON-ALASKA BORDER IN BEAVER CREEK

PICNIC LUNCH, ALASKA

BY A PRISTINE LAKE

OUR TWO COLLEGE VANS AT A REST STOP

TAKING PHOTOS OF ALASKAN POPPYS

THEN WE REACHED DELTA JUNCTION. BY THE MARKER WAS THIS

PLUG USED TO CLEAN (SCRAPE) OIL PIPE LINES OF SLUDGE

OIL PIPE LINE CROSSES THE TANANA RIVER NEAR BIG DELTA, ALASKA
OIL IS ON ITS WAY TO PORT OF VALDEZ

DELTA JUNCTION, THE NORTHERN TERMINUS OF THE ALASKA HIGHWAY

STUDENT IS SITTING IN CROSS SECTION OF A RAILROAD PIPE

FAIRBANKS, ALASKA

OUR FIRST VISIT WAS TO THE UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA MUSEUM

WE STAYED AT CRIPPLE CREEK WHILE TOURING THE FAIRBANKS AREA
WE RESERVED SEVEN CABINS FOR THREE PERSONS PER CABIN.
CRIPPLE CREEK WAS A HISTORIC GOLD MINING CAMP CAREFULLY PRESERVED.

THE RESORT HAD 11 HISTORICALLY SIGNIFICANT WOOD FRAME BUILDINGS.

WE ATE A BUFFET MEAL AT THE OLD GOLD CAMP MESS HALL
THAT INCLUDED REINDEER STEW.

ALONG A LONG NARROW TABLE

CRIPPLE CREEK WAS ALSO HOME TO THE MALEMUTE SALOON THAT HAD SWINGING DOORS AND SAWDUST COVERED FLOORS
AFTER THE ENTERTAINMENT WE HEARD TRUE STORIES FROM GOLD RUSH HISTORY

TO REMIND US THIS WAS MINING COUNTRY WE SAW PILES OF TAILINGS REMOVED WHILE DIGGING OF THE MINES.

A MAJOR UNDERTAKING WAS A VISIT TO ALASKALAND FRONTIER STYLE THEME PARK WITH A GOLD RUSH VILLAGE AND RESTORED PALACE SALOON

AS WAS OUR PRACTICE WE HAD OUR FAMILY STYLE PICNIC

ALSO ON THE AGENDA WAS THE OUTDOOR MUSEUM, FAIRBANKS, ALASKA

HISTORIC STEAM SHOVEL USED AT PANAMA CANAL

AND IN HAWAII

OUTDOOR MUSEUM, FAIRBANKS, ALASKA

OUR WELS CHURCH IN FAIRBANKS, ALASKA

ONE OF OUR STUDENTS PLAYED THE ORGAN FOR CHURCH ON SUNDAY
OUR ENTIRE GROUP CONSTITUTED THE CHOIR. PASTOR WAS ROY BEYER.

AFTER CHURCH WE CHECKED IN FOR THE DENALI RAFTING ADVENTURE.
ALL TWENTY OF US DONNED RAFTING GEAR AND WERE GIVEN ADVICE
ON HOW TO SURVIVE IN THE RUSHING COLD (38 DEGREES) WATER SHOULD THE BOAT CAPSIZE.

WHEN WE FINISHED OUR WHITE WATER RAFTING I NEGOTIATED WITH THE COMPANY ASKING FOR BARGAIN RATE IF WE TOOK THE MORE DANGEROUS
TREK AHEAD. I SAID WE WERE ALREADY DRESSED FOR RAFTING AND WERE ALREADY HERE. HE CONSENTED AND WE WENT FOR THE NEXT LEVEL OF RAFTING
AND REALLY EXPERIENCED THE NANANA RIVER.

WHEN WE RETURNED AND CHANGED OUTFITS, WE SAT BACK AND RELAXED,

SOME MADE GOOD USE OF OUR OUTDOOR HOT BATHS.

THE NEXT DAY WE LET OUR CABINS EARLY TO CATCH THE MORNING BUS TRANSPORTATION UP TO MOUNT MCKINLEY, ALSO KNOWN AS THE GREAT DENALI

THE MASTERFUL GIANT COULD BE SEEN MILES AWAY

ONLY THE PARK BUS WAS ALLOWED TO TAKE THE NARROW ROAD THAT
LED TO THE MOUNT

OUR GUIDE AND NATURALIST, LOIS, KEPT TABS ON THE BUS ENGINE

AND CHECKED OUT THE ROAD CONDITIONS AHEAD
SOMETIMES SHE HAD TO REMOVE ROCKS THAT COULD SNAG THE BUS

IT TOOK US FIVE HOURS TO TRAVEL THE 85 MILES TO REACH WONDER LAKE.

THIS WAS AS CLOSE AS WE COULD GET TO THE MOUNT.

BECAUSE OF CLOUD COVER THE MOUNT WAS NOT VISIBLE.

WE ENJOYED THE PARK SCENERY AND THE OCCASIONAL ANIMALS.

OUR STUDENTS MADE THE BUS RIDE ENTERTAINING WITH SINGING WHICH INCLUDED SOME RELIGIOUS NUMBERS THEY KNEW FROM CONCERTS. AT A REST STOP THEY TAUGHT THE OTHER PASSENGERS HOW TO DO THE CHICKEN DANCE. OUR GUIDE JOINED IN

AT THE CONCLUSION OF THE TRIP WE WERE ALL FRIENDS.

THE NEXT MORNING WE HEADED TO ANCHORAGE VIA PALMER.

PALMER IS THE HUB OF THE MATANUSKA VALLEY

CAPTAIN COOK MONUMENT IN ANCHORAGE HONORING HIM WHO EXPLORED THE AREA LOOKING FOR THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE 200 YEARS AGO.

OSCAR ANDERSON HOUSE, ANCHORAGE'S FIRST PERMANENT FRAME RESIDENCE
ELDERBERRY PARK, ANCHORAGE, ALASKA

HAVING ACHIEVED OUR OBJECTIVES IN ANCHORAGE, WE DROVE OUT TOWARD TO VIEW THE MILE LONG GLACIER -- THE MATANUSKA. ACCESS TO THE FOOT OF THE MOUNTAIN WAS THROUGH A PRIVATE CAMPGROUND AT MILEPOST A.

WE MOVED ONWARDS TO TOK, ALASKA. AT TOK WE TOOK IN A FREE DOG TEAM DEMONSTRATION

THE SLED DOG CONCEPT CAME FROM RUSSIA. TEAMSTER USED ONE DOG FOR EACH 100 POUNDS. FREIGHT SLEDS WOULD USE 30-50 DOGS. DOG SLEDS EVENTUALLY WERE REPLACED BY AIRPLANES.

FROM ANCHORAGE WE HEADED SOUTH PAST HAINES JUNCTION THIS TIME TAKING THE SHORTCUT HAINES HIGHWAY TO HAINES

ONE OF OUR MAJOR SITES TO VISIT IN HAINES WAS THE HOTEL HALSINGLAND.

IT WAS THE ORIGINAL COMMANDING OFFICERS' QUARTERS OF FORT WILLIAM SEWARD

THEN WE RETURNED TO OUR VANS.

THE HOTEL HAD A NICE RESTAURANT

EWE SPENT OUR REMAINING TIME BEFORE BOARDING OUR SHIP AT THE
WATERFRONT PARK

AFTER DRIVING THE VANS INTO THE BELLY OF OUR WAITING SHIP, WE WERE ON OUR WAY TO SITKA

WE NOTICED THE LARGE NUMBER OF LUXURY CRUISE SHIPS.

WHALE WATCHING

SITKA IS ONE OF ALASKA'S OLDEST COMMUNITIES, SETTLED BY RUSSIAN EXPLORERS WHO CAME ASHORE IN SITKA IN 1741,

OUR GANG HAD SIGNED UP FOR AN ORGANIZED TOUR IN SITKA

IN THIS SIGHTSEEING BUS. WE SAT IN FRONT,

OUR COSTUMED GUIDE WAS VERY HELPFUL, ESPECIALLY IN RELATING THE RUSSIAN PERIOD IN SITKA'S HISTORY.

1804-1867 RUSSIA OCCUPIED THIS FORTIFICATION.

IN 1867 THE AMERICAN FLAG WAS RAISED HERE AFTER SEWARD PURCHASED ALASKA FROM RUSSIA.

WE TOURED SITKA NATIONAL PARK WHICH IS A CULTURAL CENTER FOR INDIAN ART AND INTERPRETIVE CENTER FOR RUSSIAN AND INDIAN HISTORY

WE LEARNED HOW TOTEM POLES COULD TELL STORIES
OR TO GIVE HONOR TO FAMILY ANCESTORS

WALKING INTO THE PARK WAS LIKE WALKING INTO A NATURAL CATHEDRAL.

THE YOUNG LADIES FORMED THEIR OWN TOTEM POLE.

TWO INDIANS IN DOWNTOWN SITKA

NANCY EATING FRY BREAD PURCHASED FROM INDIANS AT A BOOTH.

SITKA LUTHERAN CHURCH WAS THE FIRST NON-ORTHODOX CHURCH BUILT IN SITKA; ORIGINAL LUTHERAN CHURCH WAS BUILT BY FINNS IN 1840

ST. MICHAEL'S CATHEDRAL REFLECTS RUSSIAN CULTURE
WITH ITS ONION DOME.

THE RUSSIAN CHAPEL (LEFT) IS THE OLDEST STANDING STRUCTURE

CEMETERY REFLECTING RUSSIAN INFLUENCE

I stopped the photo presentation of our Alaskan tour here. We did stop at many historical points in the U.S. as we headed back to New Ulm. Those sites are included on my blog site Tours of the United States.

HAWAIIAN ISLANDS

Cover page of handout at right.

Just as in my Alaskan tour, wife Annette joined me on the Hawaii adventure. I prepared a study guide and used the illustration above for the cover. All of the students met in New Ulm and we left together for the Minneapolis airport. The tour would included all the major islands and we transferred between islands by Hawaiian Air. In Honolulu I rented automobiles (special pre-arranged) deal. The rental agency did not have the cars we signed up for, but after a little discussion they agreed to give us upgrades at no extra charge.

I TOOK THIS PHOTO OF OAHU FROM MY AIRPLANE WINDOW SEAT

JUST BEFORE WE LANDED

BISHOP MUSEUM HONOLULU
MUSEUM TO CULTURAL HERITAGE OF HAWAII

MANY HAWAIIAN SCHOOL CHILDREN HAVE FIELD TRIPS HERE.

OUTRIGGER CANOE DISPLAY
CANOE CARVED FROM A SINGLE TREE.
BISHOP MUSEUM, OAHU, HAWAII

WE TOOK A CATAMARAN (OFFSHOOT OF THE OUTRIGGER CANOE)
CRUISE AROUND THE HONOLULU WATERFRONT

IN THE EVENING WE ATTENDED A STAGE SHOW IN WAIKIKI CALLED THE "VOYAGE"
WHICH BLENDED DANCE AND PAGEANTRY. WE MET CAST MEMBERS.

... AND LEARNED THE CUSTOMS

OUR TOUR HEADED TO KAUAI AND I CAUGHT THIS VIEW FROM THE AIR.
THIS WAS THE FIRST ISLAND DISCOVERED BY POLYNESIANS.
IT WAS THE LAST ISLAND TO COME UNDER THE DOMAIN OF KING KAMEHAMEHA.

THIS WAS 'FANTASY ISLAND' WITH MOUNTAINS, FORESTS AND WATERFALLS.

THE BEAUTY WAS EVEN BETTER CLOSE UP.

COCO PALMS RESORT OFF THE WAILUA RIVER HAD A LAGOON USED BY HOLLYWOOD FOR MOVIES LIKE "BLUE HAWAII" STARRING ELVIS PRESLEY AS WELL AS THE FANTASY ISLAND SERIES

AND THE HOTEL OFFERED ENTERTAINMENT.

THE SHORELINE OF THE PACIFIC OCEAN
NEAR OUR HOTEL IN KAUAI.
THE NATURAL POOLS HERE WERE FORMED FROM ROCKS AT THE EXIT OF THE WAILUA RIVER. HERE AT LYDGATE THE POLYNESIANS FIRST LANDED, AD 500,
AFTER A VOYAGE OF MANY MONTHS IN OUTRIGGER CANOES,
PROBABLY FROM THE SOCIETY ISLANDS.

SOME TOURISTS USED SURF BOARDS TO RIDE THE WAVES.

BUT OUR STUDENTS SAT ON THE BEACH AND STUDIED THEIR HANDOUTS.
ACTUALLY, WE WERE SO BUSY THERE WAS LITTLE TIME FOR SWIMMING.

OUR HOTEL (RESORT)

NEARBY ROCKS IN COCONUT GROVE WERE THE REMAIN OF A TEMPLE SITE IN AN ANCIENT "CITY OF REFUGE"

WE TOOK A BOAT RIDE ON THE WAILUA RIVER TO THE FERN GROTTO

A GUIDE EXPLAINED THE SITES. SHE SAID THAT THE GROTTO IS THE WETTEST SPOT IN THE WORLD WITH 400-600" OF RAIN PER YEAR.

THE GROTTO IS OFTEN USED FOR WEDDING PERFORMANCES

PRIESTS GUARDED THE "BELL STONES," SACRED STONES THAT EMITED A TUNEFUL SOUND WHEN STRUCK BY A ROCK. QUEENS CAME HERE TO GIVE BIRTH TO THEIR CHILDREN AND THE STONE WAS SOUNDED TO ANNOUNCE THE ROYAL BIRTHS.

IN ISLAND LORE, KAUAI WAS THE ORIGINAL HOME OF PELE, THE GODDESS OF FIRE AND VOLCANOES, BEFORE SHE MOVED SOUTHWARD TO THE BIG ISLAND.

THIS YOUNG LADY AT OUR HOTEL IS DOING A PELE ROUTINE WITH FIRE.

WE FLEW TO THE BIG ISLAND OF HAWAII, THE NEW DOMAIN OF PELE.

ISLAND CHRISTIANS DISMISSED THE LEGEND.

WE VISITED HAWAII VOLCANOES NATIONAL PARK.

THE AREA IS KNOWN FOR VIOLENT ACTIVITY IN THE PAST (AND PRESENT)

ANOTHER MAJOR GOD OF THE EARLY ISLANDERS WAS KU, THE GOD OF WAR.
THIS GOD DEMANDED HUMAN SACRIFICES AND WAS BELIEVED TO HAVE INFLUENCE OVER BATTLES. HE BECAME THE GOD OF KING KAMEHAMEHA

PUUHONUA MEANS PLACE OF REUGE OR SANCTUARY
OFFENDERS WHO BROKE A RULE (KAPU SYSTEM) THEY COULD NOT SEEK PARDON.
ROYALTY ESTABLISHED PLACES OF REFUGE WHERE THEIR LIFE COULD BE SPARED.
DEFEATED WARRIORS COULD ALSO FLEE HERE TO SAVE THEMSELVES.
HOWEVER, THEY HAD TO SWIM HERE FROM THE SEA.

PETROGLYPH AT THE PLACE OF REFUGE
HEAD IS AT TOP; BODY IN MIDDLE

REFUGEES SWAM IN HERE FROM THE NORTH
ONCE THEY WERE ABSOLVED THEY WERE FREE TO LEAVE
AND RESUME A NORMAL LIFE IN THE OUTSIDE WORLD.

HALE O KEAWE HEIAU (TEMPLE)
THIS RECONSTRUCTED BUILDING WAS A MAUSOLEUM THAT HOUSED THE BONES OF CHIEFS

FOOD OFFERINGS AT THE TEMPLE WERE PLACED ON PLATFORMS

A MASSIVE STONE WALL SEPARATED THE PALACE GROUNDS FROM THE PLACE OF REFUGE. STONES WERE CAREFULLY PLACED AND NO MORTAR WAS USED

LARGE HOUSES WERE USED BY THE CHIEFS

AND LITTLE HOUSES WERE USED BY

THE COMMONERS WHO DARED NOT WALK IN THE SHADOW OF THE CHIEF.

WE WATCHED COMMONERS AT WORK WITH CRAFTS.

KING KAMEHAMEHA AND FAVORITE WIFE
WHEN THEY HAD A QUARREL SHE FLED TO THIS PLACE OF REFUGE.
THIS KING UNITED THE HAWAIIAN ARCHIPELAGO UNDER ONE RULER.

HERE AT THE PARK ONE FINDS REMINDERS OF THE PAST GODS

WE STAYED AT THE KONA BAY HOTEL

OUR KNOWLEDGEABLE GUIDE WAS AT THE HOTEL KING KAMEHAMEHA

WE VISITED THE GROUNDS OF THAT HOTEL IS A HAWAIIAN COMPOUND
THAT HAS BEEN RESTORED. KING KAMEHAMEHA DIED HERE IN 1819.

FROM THE HOTEL PIER WE WATCHED LONG CANOE RACES

WE BOARDED OUR TOUR BUS FOR A RIDE TO NAALEHU.

HERE WAS THE SOUTHERN MOST COMMUNITY IN GTHE UNITED STATES
-- LOCATED ON THE BIG ISLAND OF HAWAII

WE PULLED OVER AT PUNALUU TO OBSERVE GTHE BLACK SAND BEACH.

THIS SANDY BEACH IS A POPULAR SWIMMING AREA

A MONUMENT TO CAPTAIN COOK WAS LOCATED ACROSS THE BAY
WHERE HE WAS KILLED IN 1779. WHEN COOK AND HIS MEN FIRST CAME HERE THEY WERE TREATED AS GODS. ONE DAY COOK TRIED TO BREAK UP A FIGHT BETWEEN THE NATIVES AND HIS MEN AND HE WAS KILLED IN THE PROCESS.

CAPTAIN COOK MONUMENT

OF COURSE WE HAD TO STOP AT THE KEALAKEKUA GRASS SHACK
WHILE IN SOUTHERN KONA.

WE MOVED ON TO CENTRAL MAUI WHERE WE HAD A CLASSIC VIEW OF IAO NEEDLE. KAMEHAMEHA THE GREAT, WITH THE HELP OF ENGLISH ADVISERS, DECISIVELY DEFEATED RIVAL CHIEFTAINS HERE. BRILLANT VICTORY, BUT BOTH SIDES HAD GREAT LOSSES THAT THE IOA STREAMED WAS BLOCKED WITH BODIES.

NOW WE TURNED OUR ATTENTION TO THE ISLAND OF OAHU

NUUANU PALI, OAHU
HERE KING KAMEHAMEHA DEFEATED THE OAHUANS IN A BLOODY BATTLE IN 1795
THOUSANDS OF THE DEFEATED WARRIORS WERE FIRCED OVER THE PRECIPICE
TO THE ROCKS BELOW

HANAUMA BAY, OAHU, HAWAII

WHERE WE ATE LUNCH (KFC)

KAMEHAMEHA SPENT HIS LAST YEARS DEVOTED TO PACE
HIS WIFE WAS A CHAMPION OF CHRISTIAN MISSIONARIES

PARK STREET CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH, BOSTON
SENT FIRST PROTESTANT MISSIONARIES TO HAWAII (1820)

CONGREGATION HOUSE ON BEACON STREET HAS RELIEF SCULPTURE DEPICTING
MISSION WORK

MODEL OF THE BRIG THADDEUS THAT BROUGHT 23 MISSIONARIES
18,000 MILES IN 164 DAYS AROUND CAPE HORN

KING KAMEHAMEHA BOUGHT THE BRIG FOR INTER-ISLAND TRADE

MOKUAIKAUA CHURCH, THE FIRST CHRISTIAN CHURCH IN THE ISLANDS
KAILUA-KONA, HAWAII

THE CHURCH WAS FOUNDED BY REV. ASA THURSTON
MISSIONARIES LIKE HIM WERE PRODUCTS OF THE RELIGIOUS REVIVALS
OF NEW ENGLAND AND INTENT ON SPREADING THE GOSPEL.
LATER PROFIT MERCHANTS UNDERMINED THEIR WORK

3 1/2 FOOT THICK WALLS WERE CONSTRUCTED OF LAVA ROCKS
THE CHURCH COULD HOLD 5,000 PEOPLE
UNFORTUNATELY THE MANY CONGREGATIONAL CHURCHES ARE BASICALLY
HISTORIC SITES TODAY

VIEW OF THE STEEPLE FROM THE WATERFRONT

YET THEIR REMAINS EVIDENCE OF CHRIST
THE GETHSEMANE SCENE STAINED GLASS IN THE FIRST CHURCH IN KONA

FRED THE TOUR LEADER

WE SPENT CONSIDERABLE TIME AT THE MISSION HOUSES MUSEUM
DOWNTOWN HONOLULU, OAHU, HAWAII

THE MISSION FRAME HOUSR, 1821

WAS BUILT OF PREFABRICATED LUMBER FROM BOSTON

LIFE WAS COMMUNAL IN NATURE THE EARLY YEARS.
FAMILIES SHARED FOUR BEDROOMS AND A SMALL PARLOR

EACH FAMILY HAD ONE BEDROOM, THEIR ONLY PRIVATE PLACE

TEN YEARS LATER (1831) THE CHAMBERLAIN HOUSE WAS BUILT
THESE BUILDINGS WERE USED AS THE HEADQUARTERS FOR MISSION WORK

THE PRINTING OFFICE WAS BUILT IN 1841 OUT OF CORAL

THE PRINTING PRESS ALLOWED THE GOSPEL AND TEXTBOOKS TO BE PRINTED IN THE HAWAIIAN LANGUAGE.
BY THE 1830s ONE OF EVERY TWO HAWAIIANS WAS A CHURCH-GOER.
THE WOMEN OF THE MISSION TAUGHT AND NURSED THE SICK

THE STONE CHURCH AT KAWAIAHAO, 1842
SOMETIMES CALLED HAWAII'S WESTMINSTER ABBEY.
KING KAMEHAMEHA III DONATED THE LAND AND CONTRIBUTED GENEROUSLY.
FIRST PASTOR WAS HIRAM BIGHAM

THE MISSION CEMETERY, 1832

WE STROLLED THROUGH THE CEMETERY LOOKING FOR NAMES OF THE PROMINENT MISSIONARIES

SOME OF OUR GUIDES WERE HOSTILE TO CHRISTIANITY AND LOOKED FOR OPPORTUNITIES TO PORTRAY THE MISSIONARIES IN A BAD LIGHT; BUT WE TRIED

TO MAINTAIN A MORE BALANCED PERSPECTIVE.

WHEN WE FLEW TOP MAUI AND VISITED WAILUKU, THE STUDENTS WERE GIVEN BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON KAMEHAMEHA III'S WIFE KAAHUMAUU WHO WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR ENDING THE KAPU SYSTEM AND OPENING THE WAY FOR CHRISTIANITY

THIS CHURCH IN WAILUKU WAS NAMED AFTER HER
KAAHUMAUU CHURCH WAS THE FIRST CHRISTIAN CHURCH IN MAUI (1837)
NOTE THE NEW ENGLAND STYLE ARCHITECTURE

NATURALLY WE WENT INSIDE AND OBSERVED THE SIMPLE BEAUTY.
WHALERS OBJECTED TO CHRISTIAN INFLUENCE AND EVEN THREATENED THE PASTORS WITH DEATH

A PARISHIONER GREETED US AND WAS VERY FRIENDLY.

ALSO IN MAUI, WE VISITED THE WAINE'E CHURCH (1828-1832) WHICH COULD SEAT 3,000. IT WAS EQUIPPED WITH SPITTOONS FOR TOBACCO CHEWING CHIEFS AND WHALERS. THIS CHURCH WAS IMMORTALIZED BY MICHENER IN HAWAII AS THE CHURCH THAT JUST WOULDN'T STAND (WIND AND FIRE). THE PRESENT CHURCH WAS DEDICATED IN 1953.

WE RENTED CARS THAT ENABLED US TO VISIT LAHAINA, ALSO ON MAUI.
HIGH ON THE AGENDA WAS THE REV. BALDWIN HOME.
LAHAINA WAS A WHALER'S PORT AND THE PASTOR CONTESTED WITH CAPTAINS AND THEIR LUSTY CREWS.

BALWIN HOUSEHOLD FURNISHINGS

WE LOCATED THE BALDWIN STONE IN THE CEMETERY NEXT TO THE CHURCH

LAHAINALUNA SEMINARY WAS OPENED IN 1831.
THE SCHOOL HERE TODAY STILL HAS A GOOD ACADEMIC REPUTATION.

DAVID MALO'S HOME. MALO WAS EDUCATED AT THE SEMINARY ABOVE, BECAME AN ORDAINED MINISTER AND RENOWNED HAWAIIAN SCHOLAR AND AUTHOR.

AT HIS REQUEST HE WAS BURIED ON A HILL CALLED MOUNT BALL THAT OVERLOOKED HIS BELOVED SEMINARY.

THEN OVER TO THE NEARBY WHALING PORT OF LAHAINA. ROWDY WHALERS FROM NANTUCKET AND NEW BEDFORD CAME INTO PORT AFTER MONTHS ON THE HIGH SEAS.

AT THE WHALER VILLAGE MUSEUM (FREE) THERE WAS A GOLD MINE OF WHALER MEMORABILIA. WE WERE RIVETED BY THE SKELETON OF A 40 FOOT SPERM WHALE.

TO MAKE IT ALL REAL THERE WERE PHOTOS OF THE CREWMEN
WHO "RESTED UP" IN LAHAINA. WHALING WASS DIFFICULT AND DANGEROUS WORK

SHIPS MOORED ALONG THE SEASIDE WERE WORTHY OF PICTURES.
THE CARTHAGINIAN REPLICA SHOWN HERE HELPED TO RELIVE HISTORY.

SITE 3 WAS THE RICHARDS' HOUSE. RICHARDS WAS THE FIRST MISSIONARY TO LAHAINA AND LATER BECAME TRANSLATOR TO KAMEHAMEHA III

DURING THE REIGN OF K. III A LAW WAS PASSED FORBIDDING WOMEN FROM SWIMMING OUT TO GREET SHIPS. WHALERS FIRED CANNON AT THE MISSIONARY COMPOUND. SO K. III HAD A FORT CONSTRUCTED THAT PROTECTED THE MISSIONARIES

OLD SAILERS

ANCIENT HULA INSTRUMENTS WERE USED FOR OUTSTANDING EVENTS AND IMPORTANT IN HAWAII CULTURE

THE MISSIONARIES BANNED THE HULA BECAUSE IT WAS SAID TO BE SUGGESTIVE AND VULGAR. THE YOUNG LADIES ALSO COMMUNICATED WITH THEIR HANDS.

THE ANCIENT HULA WAS RESURRECTED BY KAMEHAMEHA V AND STILL REMAINS AS AN ART FORM

OF COURSE, WE ATTENDED AN AUTHENTIC LU'AU AND WATCHED THE PREPARATION FOR THE HOG ROAST. FIRE IN A SHALLOW HOLE LINED WITH STONES. WET LEAVES WERE PLACED ON THE STONES. THEN WAS ADDED PORK, FISH, SWEET POTATOES AND BREADFRUIT ALL WRAPPED IN LEAVES.

REMOVING THE FOOD

ENJOYING THE LUAU FOOD

MAUI WAS ALSO WELL KNOWN FOR THE TROPICAL PLANTATION IN WAIKAPU.

I COULD NOT RESIST A CLOSE-UP SHOT OF THIS HIBISCUS (STATE FLOWER).

ON MAUI FESTIVE EVENTS ARE CELEBRATED WITH FLOWERS. THIS LADY IS STRINGING FLOWERS TO MAKE LEI LIKE WE RECEIVED UPON ENTERING HAWAII.

EVERYONE RECOGNIZED THE BIRD OF PARADISE.

WE WERE PRIVILEGED TO SEE COLORFUL BIRDS LIKE THE MACAW. THESE BIRDS ARE WORTH UP TO $20000 EACH. THEY ARE NOT NATIVE TO HAWAII BUT WERE BROUGHT IN.

THE MACAW IS A MEMBER OF THE PARROT FAMILY ORIGINALLY FROM MEXICO AND SOUTH AMERICA,

BACK TO THE ISLAND OF OAHU. OUR CAR RENTALS SAVED US A LOT OF MONEY
IN ENTRANCE FEES TO THE POLYNESIAN CULTURAL CENTER, AND IT GAVE US ACCESS TO SOUTH BEACH, MILITARY BUILDINGS, SUGAR AND PINEAPPLE SITES, ETC, ETC

WE DROVE TO LAIE WHERE 95% OF THE POPULATION WAS MORMON, THE FIRST MORMONS CAME HERE ION 1864. THE MORMONS USE THIS PRESENTATION OF A "PURE CULTURAL VIEW OF POLYNESIA." THIS HAS ENDEARED THEM TO NATIVE POLYNESIANS. THE PRODUCTION HERE IS SOMEWHAT HOLLYWOOD, BUT IT DOES HAVE EDUCATIVE VALUE AND IT IS BEAUTIFUL

NON-MORMONS MAY WORK HERE BUT ONLY IS THEY DO NOT DRINK OR SMOKE.

THE PAGEANTRY WAS WONDERFUL.

FEARSOME PERFORMER

POLYNESIAN CULTURAL CENTER

HAWAII

MISSIONARY LYMAN HOUSE MEMORIAL

HAILI CHURCH AND MUSEUM
ARCHITECTURE IS PURE NEW ENGLAND

THE MISSIONARY'S HOUSE, ORIGINALLY BUILT IN 1839
HILO'S OLDEST STRUCTURE

EARLY CHURCH ATTENDANCE 20; BY 1837 EIGHTY CONVERTS. WHEN
NATURAL CATASTROPHE OCCURRED THAT YEAR, THE NUMBER ENCAMPED AT THE MISSION REACHED TEN THOUSAND. THOUSANDS JOINED THE CHURCH AND WERE BAPTISED. BUT THEN THOUSANDS DRIFTED AWAY.

QUEEN LILIUKALANI, THE LAST RULING MONARCH OF HAWAII
REIGNED 1891 TO 1893
SHE COMPOSED SONGS, AMONG THEM "ALOHA OE"

HER GARDENS IN HILO

30 ACRE ORIENTAL PARK DESIGNED IN JAPANESE STYLE

QUEEN LILIUKALANI LIVED IN THE IOLANI PALACE UNTIL THE OVERTHROW OF THE MONARCHY IN 1889. TWO YEARS LATER SHE SPENT 9 MONTHS AS A PRISONER IN THE PALACE FOLLOWING AN INSURRECTION THAT ATTEMPTED TO PUT HER BACK ON THE THRONE.

SANFORD DOLE, SON OF A MISSIONARY IN HAWAII, BECAME LEADER OF THE PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT WHICH REPLACED THE QUEEN IN 1893. LATER HE WAS FIRST GOVERNOR OF HAWAII WHEN IT WAS ANNEXED TO THE UNITED STATES IN 1898

DAMOND HEAD, THE FAMILIAR BACKGROUND TO BEACH SCENES, HAS A LOT OF MILITARY HISTORY. OUR OBJECTIVE WAS TO CLIMB TO THE TOP. ANNETTE HAD HURT HER FOOT SO HAD TO SUBSTITUTE WITH SUNNING ON WAIKIKI BEACH.

BEFORE THE JAUNT THE GANG POSED FOR THIS PHOTO
AT THE BOTTOM OF THE CRATER.

THE UPHILL CLIMB WASN'T EASY BUT THE VIEW MADE IT ALL WORTH WHILE.

HONOLULU WAS A BEAUTIFUL SIGHT BELOW.

FORTIFICATIONS HERE HAD BEGUN BEFORE WW I AND WERE EXPANDED FOR WW II.
ALTHOUGH BUNKERS AND CANNONS WERE IN PLACE BEFORE PEARL HARBOR, THEY WERE NEVER USED BECAUSE THEY WERE AIMED OUT TO SEA, THE JAPANESE BOMBERS DID NOT LAUNCH THE EXPECTED COASTAL ATTACK AND FLEW WEST OUT OF ARTILLERY RANGE,

THEN WE RETURNED THE SAME ROUTE WE HAD TAKEN COMING UP. THERE WERE
POLES OVER THE TRAIL TO HOLD CAMOUFLAGE THAT KEPT MOVEMENT UNDETECTED FROM THE AIR.

GOING DOWNHILL WAS MUCH EASIER THAN GOING UPHILL.

WW II SITES INCLUDED THE AIR BASE INLAND (SCHOFIELD) AND THE NAVAL BASE.

USS ARIZONA MEMORIAL, OAHU, HAWAII
ATTEMPTS WERE MADE TO RETRIEVE THE BODIES, BUT TWO DIVERS DIED SWIMMING AMONG THE TWISTED IRON. THE CREW IS STILL ON THE SHIP.

TAKING NOTES AT ARIZONA MEMORIAL

OAHU, HAWAII

USS ARIZONA'S FINAL RESTING PLACE

GUN MOUNT #3 IS ABOVE WATER

OUR STUDY TOUR ALSO PUT EMPHASIS ON THE ECONOMY HISTORY OF HAWII. SUGAR IS HAWAII'S LEADING AGRICULTURAL CROP.

WHEN WE WERE IN MAUI WE TOURED THE ALEXANDER & BALDWIN SUGAR MUSEUM. SUGAR DOMINATED ISLAND LIFE UNTIL THE 1950s . MAUI USED THIS MUSEUM TO TAP INTO TOURISM

WHILE IN OAHU WE VISITED THE CASTLE AND COOKED SUGAR MILL
WAIALUA, OAHU

MANY SUGAR FIELDS

CASTLE AND COOKE TRUCK WITH SUGAR CANE

CASTLE AND COOK PICK-UP TRUCK

CASTLE AND COOKE WORKERS IN SUGAR FIELDS

KAHUKU SUGAR MILL(FOUNDED 1890)

NORTHWESTERN TIP OF OAHU

MANY WORKERS CAME FROM CHINA, PHILIPPINES, KOREA AND EUROPE.
MOST OF THE SUGAR FROM HAWII IS SENT TO THE C AND H REFINERY
IN CALIFORNIA.

WE ATE THE FOOD OF ORIENTAL SUGAR WORKERS.

PINEAPPLE IS HAWAII'S #2 CROP AFTER SUGAR

OUR PINEAPPLE EXPLORATION BEGAN AT THE DOLE PINEAPPLE PAVILION
OAHU, HAWAII

OVER A THREE PERIOD PINEAPPLE WILL PRODUCE TWO FULL CRTOPS BEFORE IT IS NESARY TO REPLANT THE FIELD

HARVESTING IS DONE WITH A RIG WITH AN EXTENSION FOR WORKERS TO PICK THE CRTOP.

PINEAPPLES WAITING TO BE PICKED

OUR GREATEST SOURCE OF INFORMATION WAS GARNERED AT
THE DOLE PINEAPPLE FACTORY

INCOMING PINEAPPLES

PEELING THE OUTER RIND AND BORING THE CORE
THIS MACHINE CAN PEEL AND CORE 10 PINEAPPLES IN 60 SECONDS

TOUCH UP WORK, TRIMMING

WE COULD EAT AS MUCH PINEAPPLE AS WE WISHED AT THE END OF THE TOUR.
THE DOLE COMPANY IS FACED WITH OVERSEAS COMPETITION IN ASIA WHERE
LABOR COSTS ARE LESS

WE ALSO LOOKED AT THE MACADAMIA NUTS INDUSTRY. ALTHOUGH THESE NUTS ARE NOT NATIVE TO HAWAII THEY ARE WIDELY GROWN IN HAWAII.

THEY ARE TASTY, ESPECIALLY WHEN COVERED WITH CHOCOLATE,

WE COULD NOT OVERLOOK THE WONDERFUL TASTING KONA COFFEE
WITH ITS RICH FLAVOR. FOR MORE THAN 150 YEARS THE KONA DISTRICT HAS BEEN THE SOURCE OF THIS COFFEE, RED BEANS WERE RIPE,

AND THEN THERE IS COCONUT. COCONUT GROVE BELOW

ALL THESE INDUSTRIES RELIED ON HARD WORKERS AND CHEAP IMMIGRANT WAGES. MANY OF THE JAPANESE LABORERS HIRDED TO WSORK ON THE SUGAR PLANTATIONS WERE BUDDHIST. THE BUDDHIST TEMPLED BELOW WAS SIMPLE WITH WOODEN ARCHITECTURAL STYLE AND GREEN PAINT -- TYICAL OF PLANTATION-ERA BUILDINGS.